Blog Archives - Page 38 of 51

CDTFA Prior Audit Percentages of Error (PAPE) Program and Cut-Off Techniques

July 5, 2026August 23, 2014 by Brotman Law

The prior audit percentages of error (PAPE) program involves the use, under certain circumstances, of a percentage of error developed in a prior audit for the sales or accounts payable portion of a current audit. It can be a valuable tool in streamlining the audit process. It is designed to reduce the time it takes to complete an audit and minimize the burden on taxpayers. When planning the audit, CDTFA supervisors and auditors evaluate whether the taxpayer is eligible for the use of a PAPE. This evaluation is conducted whether or not the taxpayer has already requested the use of a PAPE. If the taxpayer is eligible for the use of a PAPE, the auditor discusses the PAPE with the taxpayer as soon as possible rather than wait for the taxpayer to request using a PAPE. To qualify for the PAPE, the taxpayer must have at least one prior audit and must meet the number of conditions. One of the conditions is consistency of business operations during prior audit and current audit. Minor changes are generally ignored. It is important to remember that the use of a PAPE is limited to the current audit period as a PAPE cannot be used in two subsequent audits.

Key Takeaways

The prior audit percentages of error (PAPE) program involves the use, under certain circumstances, of a percentage of error developed in a prior audit for the sales or accounts payable portion of a current audit.
CDTFA also uses cut-off techniques. “Cut-Off” is that point in the audit program where the auditor has accumulated sufficient data to support a reasonable conclusion or opinion based on acceptable audit standards.
The principle of whole dollar auditing (i.e., dropping cents) is used by CDTFA as a time-saving technique.

Board of Equalization Audits – Short Tests and Sampling – Part Two

July 5, 2026August 23, 2014 by Brotman Law

Key Takeaways

Topic: Board of Equalization Audits – Short Tests and Sampling – Part Two
In general, when auditing a business with good internal control, and a good accounting system, the test period may be a relatively small portion of the total audit period.
However, in an audit of a business with little or no internal control, the test period most likely will cover a larger proportion of the audit period.

In general, when auditing a business with good internal control, and a good accounting system, the test period may be a relatively small portion of the total audit period. However, in an audit of a business with little or no internal control, the test period most likely will cover a larger proportion of the audit period. If records are available, the periods selected for test will be spread over the entire audit period so that samples can be taken of all years and all seasons of the year. The size of each test period, in addition to the above considerations, will depend on the number of documents required to be examined. Usually the test periods consist of complete months or quarters, but periods of less than a month may be selected by auditor if daily or weekly controls can be established.

Board of Equalization Audits – Short Tests and Sampling – Part One

July 5, 2026August 23, 2014 by Brotman Law

BOE uses short tests to come up with a decision as to whether to proceed or to accept as correct that item being tested. In fact, BOE encourages its auditors to use short tests when taxpayer’s records are in order. Any time short test can be expanded into full examination.

Board of Equalization Audits – Accounting Techniques

July 5, 2026August 23, 2014 by Brotman Law

An audit made on a taxable measure basis generally places emphasis on the verification or accumulation of taxable differences as compared to an audit performed on a total sales and claimed deduction basis using individual lead schedules. Auditor will verify that all sources of revenue and deductions have been examined.

Key Takeaways

An audit made on a taxable measure basis generally places emphasis on the verification or accumulation of taxable differences as compared to an audit performed on a total sales and claimed deduction basis using individual lead schedules.
Taxable measure basis may be preferable for BOE in a number of cases.
Another circumstance is where the total gross reported is not an important factor in determining taxable measure.

California Sales Tax Audit Procedures and Techniques

May 25, 2026August 23, 2014 by Brotman Law

The purpose of a California sales tax audit is to correctly measure the tax. The Board of Equalization (BOE) auditor conducts preliminary probing and testing in order to see if there is a potential area of misplaced tax. Sometimes preliminary testing reveals that California sales tax audit of business is not warranted. When deciding whether to waive or perform an audit, the auditors consider the following points:

Multistate Tax Commission Multijurisdiction Resale Certificates

July 5, 2026August 23, 2014 by Brotman Law

Multistate Tax Commission Multijurisdiction Resale Certificates

Key Takeaways

The Multistate Tax Commission (MTC) issued the multijurisdiction resale certificate (MTC certificate) in July 2000 to provide a standard document for businesses to utilize that will be uniformly accepted by sellers.
When a purchaser issues a qualified MTC certificate, the burden is upon the seller to examine each purchase order issued by its customer to determine if the purchase is subject to tax or is for resale.

Board of Equalization Audit

July 5, 2026August 23, 2014 by Brotman Law

Use of Form BOE-504 – Proving That a Sale Was Not a Resale

In a Board of Equalization audit, taxpayers should keep in mind that any of the evidence other than actual resale certificate, by itself is not the equivalent of a resale certificate timely taken in good faith, and may not relieve the seller of the liability for the tax.

Key Takeaways

When it is appropriate to use the “XYZ” Letter process, the auditor will provide the taxpayer with a copy of forms BOE–504–A, B, and C, or other type, if applicable. Various types of this letter are described on BOE’s web-site.
A period of four weeks will be allowed by the Board of Equalization for the taxpayer to prepare and send the “XYZ” statements and for the customer to reply. It is recommended that the “XYZ” statements be returned directly to the Board of Equalization.
Auditor will provide taxpayer with appropriate forms and return envelopes.

CDTFA Audit of Sales for Resale

July 5, 2026August 23, 2014 by Brotman Law

A Claimed Sale for Resale is Allowed if Supported by Valid Resale Certificate

Key Takeaways

Topic: CDTFA Audit of Sales for Resale
CDTFA auditors can be stringent when enforcing the resale certificate requirement.
CDTFA provides following examples: A purchase order that contains all the elements of a valid resale certificate, containing words “for resale”.

A claimed sale for resale will be allowed in a CDTFA audit if it is supported by a resale certificate that is proper in form and is timely taken in good faith from a person who is engaged in the business of selling tangible personal property and who holds a California seller’s permit. If the purchaser is not required to hold a permit because the purchaser sells only property of a kind the retail sale of which is not taxable, e.g., food products for human consumption, or because the purchaser makes no sales in California, an appropriate notation to that effect will be entered in lieu of a seller’s permit number on the resale certificate under Regulation 1667 governing exemption certificate requirements. A certificate will be considered timely if it is taken at any time before the seller bills the purchaser for the property, or any time within the seller’s normal billing and payment cycle, or any time at or prior to delivery of the property to the purchaser. CDTFA auditors can be stringent when enforcing the resale certificate requirement.

California Sales Tax Audits

May 25, 2026August 23, 2014 by Brotman Law

One of the most common targets in a California sales tax audit is sales for resale. Sales for resale is the most common deduction claimed by California taxpayers and one of the most common targets of the Board of Equalization (BOE).

Key Takeaways

One of the most common targets in a California sales tax audit is sales for resale. Sales for resale is the most common deduction claimed by California taxpayers and one of the most common targets of the Board of Equalization (BOE).
Board of Equalization sales tax auditors are especially careful in examining accounting methods used by taxpayer and use various procedures to verify amounts.
Normally, there are two ways that a Board of Equalization auditor will verify sales for resale.

Board of Equalization sales tax auditors are especially careful in examining accounting methods used by taxpayer and use various procedures to verify amounts. Often, California taxpayers will estimate this deduction and will get tripped up in a sales tax audit when the Board of Equalization auditor uses their verification procedures.

Franchise Tax Board Settlements – Part Two

July 5, 2026August 5, 2014 by Brotman Law

A taxpayer who wants to settle must submit a written request, which must include the following information:

Key Takeaways

11) A listing of all Notice(s) of Proposed Assessment (NPA) and Claim(s) for refund for the taxable years involved that are not part of taxpayer’s settlement request.
All settlement requests by taxpayers are reviewed by FTB Settlement Bureau staff who determines if the case is good candidate for settlement program. Then staff notifies taxpayer of their decision – to begin settlement negations or not.
The settlement program provides expedited method of resolving civil tax disputes.